Mercedes-Benz S-Class

07-2010-m-b-s600small — 2010 **Mercedes-Benz S-Class**

The Mercedes-Benz S-Class is the common description for a series of full-size luxury flagship sedans produced by Mercedes-Benz, a division of Daimler-Benz. The S-Class is a product of nine lines of Mercedes-Benz models dating since the mid-1950s, and is the largest Mercedes-Benz sedan. The latest generation, the W221 S-Class, premiered in 2005 as an all-new design. As in previous iterations, the latest S-Class is sold in standard and long wheelbase versions and offers V6, V8, V12, and diesel powertrains. The name "S-Class" derives from the German word Sonderklasse which refers to "a specially outfitted car."

Recent changes

For 2011, Mercedes updates the S63 AMG with a new smaller displacing direct injected 5.5 litre Biturbo V8 now producing 571 horsepower (up from 518) along with generating 663 pound-feet of torque between 2,250 and 3,750 rpm. That's enough to propel this land yacht to 60 in a supercar challenging 4.5 seconds (4.4 seconds with the optional AMG sports package). Despite this fuel economy have jumped from 16.3 miles per gallon (U.S.) to 22.4 mpg on the EU test cycle. [1]

A few days later, On April 15 2009, Mercedes-Benz released the AMG Appearance Package for the facelifted S-Class and the CL-Class. [2]

On April 8 2009, Mercedes-Benz released details and images of the 2010 W221 series S-Class facelift on the internet, coinciding with the eve of the 2009 New York Auto Show. Largely subtle, the most significant change is the reformed front bumper which eschews the awkward triangular foglamps in favor of an AMG-like fascia with the foglamps now being thin LED strips similar to the 997 Porsche 911s. Other changes include a different LED-incorporating headlamp cluster, LED taillights that are no longer sectioned by strips of sheetmetal and a new rear bumper which sports a faux-diffuser bookended by two parallelogram exhaust pipes. Inside, the car is largely unchanged. However, all the techno-gizmos that define the supremacy of the S-Class have been given an upgrade. [3]

S600

S400 Hybrid

For the 2008 Paris Motor Show, coinciding with the 80th Anniversary of the GUARD special protection division, Mercedes unveiled its latest variation of the ultimate luxury limousine for African dictators and other high-profile heads of state. Welcome to the S600 Guard Pullman, a 6356 mm extended wheelbase S-Class bristling with the latest developments in protection technology.[4]

For the 2008 Saks Fifth Avenue's KEY TO THE CURE charity, Mercedes-Benz created a 1000 unit special edition S-Class. It is distinguished from the regular S550 by a sport bodykit that includes a front air dam, side skirts and rear bumper with dual stainless-steel exhaust pipes, 20-inch AMG 5-spoke alloys, Diamond White metallic livery and unique Sahara Beige / Black Leather leather accented by Burl Walnut. The cars are expected to generate US$1 million for charity.

In 2005, the current W221 S-Class premiered, replacing the W220. This latest generation of the S-Class is slightly larger than its predecessor, with sharper exterior styling and technological improvements. New technological features on the W221 include an infrared night vision feature and the latest Mercedes-Benz "Pre-Safe" pre-collision system.

Styles and Major Options

File:2006 Mercedes-Benz S 350.jpg

2006 Mercedes-Benz S 350

Active Body Control (ABC) $3,900
Distronic PLUS Feature Spotlight $2,850
Heated Steering Wheel $450
iPod Integration Kit $425
Panorama Sunroof $1,000
Power Side Window Sunblinds $700
Wood/Leather Steering Wheel $550
18" 5-Spoke Wheel, Titanium Silver Finish $0
19" Multispoke Wheel, Sterling Silver Finish $1,200
18" 5-Spoke Wheel, Chrome Finish $1,000
Dynamic Rear View Monitor $750
Electronic Trunk Closer $500

Pricing

In the U.S., base prices for the W221 S-Class range from $85,000 for the long wheelbase S550, $139,000 for the S600, and higher for AMG variants.

Reliability

RECALL ALERT: On November 25, 2008, Mercedes-Benz issued a recall affecting 1,515 MY2007 W221 S-Class sedans due to a defective radial knuckle of the front strut made by a supplier. According to the NHTSA, said item may fail after significant mileage accumulation combined with exposure to high continuous stress by driving on rough roads. If this happens, the steering may malfunction. The recall is set to begin in December and Mercedes promises to replace it free of charge. [5]

RECALL ALERT: Embarrassing Recall of the Week: Mercedes Mismatches 2009 S-Class Door Locks

Generations

Overview

While the exact beginning of the colloquial S-Class expression cannot be determined precisely, it has always referred to the most spacious and largest luxury vehicle in the Mercedes-Benz line-up, with the exception of the limited-production Mercedes-Benz 600 limousine. In some cases it also applied to vehicles requiring premium fuel or "Super" due to the higher compression ratio and output of the company's top-of-the-line engines. The name "S-Class" derives from the German word "Sonderklasse" for which "S-class" is just an abbreviation. "Sonderklasse" means "special class", meaning a specially outfitted car.

The cars are commonly accepted as the Mercedes-Benz flagship model. Though the term S-Class has been used as a colloquial term for decades, it was not officially adopted by Mercedes-Benz until the introduction of the W116 for the 1973 model year.

The S-Class grew out of the modest "Ponton" model, a six cylinder sedan known as the W180/128 bodystyle. The line was introduced with the 220a, 219 (W105), 220S, and 220SE sedan, coupe, and convertible in 1954/1956. 1959 saw the introduction of the 220Sb (W111) with the new "Einheitskarosserie", which branched off in 1961 into the W110 featuring a shorter hood and wheelbase for the "economy" models 190c and 190Dc, and the 300 SE (W112), a short time successor to the "Großer Mercedes" 300/300b/300c/300d and predecessor of the "Großer Mercedes" 600 (W100). As the German economy grew, Mercedes-Benz saw the opportunity to build much larger vehicles, including the limited volume 1964 600 limousine (W100 series), which would then take the title of the "Großer Mercedes".

The W111 line continued in 1965 with the 230S sedan (still W111) alongside the new larger models W108/W109 250S / 250SE – which in 1968 grew to 280S and 280SE. The 300 SE was available in the W108 and in the W109 (LWB 300SEL) line until replaced by the 3.5 litre (in both long and standard bodies) and 6.3 litre V8 engine in the long body. These larger vehicles established the S-Class market position which continues.

The 1973 W116 saw the introduction of passive safety into the design and the 1980 W126 brought much-improved aerodynamics. The W140 saw the car grow dramatically in its proportions, while the W220 saw a renewed focus on elegance.

All S-Classes are currently built in Sindelfingen, Germany.

S-Class Chronology

1956 Mercedes-Benz W180
1958 Mercedes-Benz W128
1959 Mercedes-Benz W111
1961 Mercedes-Benz W112
1965 Mercedes-Benz W108
1973 Mercedes-Benz W116
1979 Mercedes-Benz W126
1991 Mercedes-Benz W140
1999 Mercedes-Benz W220
2006 Mercedes-Benz W221

Nomenclature

As is typical for Mercedes, the name of the car consists of a small series of numbers and letters, often carried over from one bodystyle to the next.

For example, 500SEL denotes an S-Class car with an engine size of about 5,000ccm, with fuel injection (Einspritz) and long wheelbase (Lang). Note that the "S" in "SEL" is not the same as the "S" in "SL" (Sport Light) – the SL roadsters are not S-Class vehicles.

Currently, the S-Class is available in seven trim levels; the numbers are given in ascending order to denote more upscale models.

In 1994, the traditional naming convention (numbers, then letters) was reversed. From then on, the long-wheelbase models (formerly "SEL") and the regular length models (formerly "SE") are both labeled with the prefix of "S" regardless of length. For example, both 500SEL and 500SE are now labeled as S500.

Role of autobahn

In Germany large stretches of the freeway system, the Autobahn, do not feature speed limits. Driving at rather high speeds for extended periods tends to result in increased strain on a vehicle and requires careful engineering. Mercedes-Benz has sought to engineer vehicles suitable to this unique environment, often without regard to cost. The company in turn has been able to exploit this as a marketing tool.

W111 1959 Fintail

Mercedes-Benz W111

Mercedes-Benz
aka	{{{aka (Type here, not up there)}}}
Production	{{{1959-1968 total units made (optional)}}}
Class	Full-Size Executive / Luxury
Body Style	4-door sedan
Length	4900mm
Width	1810mm
Height	1440m
Wheelbase	2750mm
Weight	1440kg
Transmission	{{{transmission + drive}}}
Engine	6 cyl. in line
Power	95-120 hp @ N/A rpm N/A lb-ft of torque @ N/A rpm
Similar	{{{similar (competition)}}}
Designer	{{{Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)}}}

See Mercedes-Benz W111 for complete details.

The W111 "Fintail" series debuted in 1959. Initially powered by a line of straight-6 engines (the M180 and M127), it set a new standard for luxury. The series was augmented with a line of 3.0 L cars in 1961, the W112.

The Fintail was among the first cars in the world to have crumple zones and disc brakes, and for the top of range 300SE model, air suspension.

This large Fintail model should not be confused with a smaller Fintail line, the W110, which was also produced at that time and was essentially the predecessor of today's E-Class.

W108/109 1960s

Mercedes-Benz W108

Mercedes-Benz
aka	{{{aka (Type here, not up there)}}}
Production	1968 - 1972
Class	Full-Size Executive / Luxury
Body Style	4-door sedan
Length	4900-5000mm
Width	1810mm
Height	1420-1440mm
Wheelbase	2750-2865mm
Weight	1480-1780kg
Transmission	{{{transmission + drive}}}
Engine	6.3 litre M100 V8
Power	N/A hp @ N/A rpm N/A lb-ft of torque @ N/A rpm
Similar	{{{similar (competition)}}}
Designer	Paul Bracq

See Mercedes-Benz W108 for complete details.

With the W108/W109 series of 1965, the range received V8 power for the first time. The unusual 300 SEL 6.3 was based on this body type.

During this period, the designation SE was used for short wheel based models. Longer models (with more room in the back) were designated SEL. This designation continued until 1994.

W116 1970s

Mercedes-Benz W116

Mercedes-Benz
aka	{{{aka (Type here, not up there)}}}
Production	1972 - 1979 473,035 units
Class	Full-Size Executive / Luxury
Body Style	4-door sedan
Length	{{{length - type here}}}
Width	{{{Width - type here}}}
Height	{{{Height - type here}}}
Wheelbase	{{{wheelbase - type here}}}
Weight	{{{Weight - you get the point}}}
Transmission	{{{transmission + drive}}}
Engine	{{{engine}}}
Power	N/A hp @ N/A rpm N/A lb-ft of torque @ N/A rpm
Similar	{{{similar (competition)}}}
Designer	{{{Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)}}}

See Mercedes-Benz W116 for complete details.

The S-Class continued in the 1970s with the W116 series, produced from 1972 through 1979. This car had four-wheel independent suspension and disk brakes. It was the first Mercedes model to be officially called S-Class.

The W116 models were large luxury sedans. The new car was larger on the outside than the W108/W109 series it replaced, but had similar interior capacity, as the additional bulk was driven by new theories on car safety and occupant protection in a crash. It was one of the first cars to be available with ABS, airbag or a turbo diesel engine.

The most notable W116 was the high-performance, limited-production 450 SEL 6.9. This 8 cylinder model boasted the largest engine installed in a postwar Mercedes-Benz up to that time. Every 6.9 featured self-leveling hydropneumatic suspension and four wheel disc brakes and offered the ABS anti-lock braking system as an option from 1978 on.

Production totalled 473,035 units.

W126 1981

Mercedes-Benz W126

Mercedes-Benz
aka	{{{aka (Type here, not up there)}}}
Production	1980 – 1990
Class	Full-Size Executive / Luxury
Body Style	4-door sedan
Length	{{{length - type here}}}
Width	{{{Width - type here}}}
Height	{{{Height - type here}}}
Wheelbase	{{{wheelbase - type here}}}
Weight	{{{Weight - you get the point}}}
Transmission	{{{transmission + drive}}}
Engine	{{{engine}}}
Power	N/A hp @ N/A rpm N/A lb-ft of torque @ N/A rpm
Similar	{{{similar (competition)}}}
Designer	{{{Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)}}}

See Mercedes-Benz W126 for complete details.

The W116 S-Class was replaced by an all-new model in late 1979 for 1980 (and 1981 in USA), codenamed W126. The car won the prestigious Australian Wheels Magazine Car of the Year award for 1981, the first luxury car to do so.

Most sales came from the Diesel model in the United States and straight-6 models in Europe, but the V8 models were considered the best variants by contemporary journalists.

Although the top of range Mercedes-Benz 450SEL 6.9 of the previous generation was not directly replaced, the W126 carried forward the hydropneumatic suspension of the 6.9 as an option on the 500SEL. In 1981, the W126 re-introduced the airbag to the world, as an additional measure of occupant protection.

Abandoning the roadster based coupes, the W126 had a two door variant, the SEC coupé. The W126 line lasted from 1979 through 1991.

The 500SEL has an interesting place in US history, since American demand for this particular car drove the establishment of a large grey market. The detuned, yet very expensive standard US specification 380 SE/SEL/SEC/SL was underpowered, according to contemporary reports, so 25,000 units per year of the parallel import vehicle were sold in the early 1980s. That prompted then Mercedes-Benz of North America to lobby for the elimination of parallel import in 1988.

In the 1980s, Mercedes-Benz built the world's first driverless cars, together with the team of Professor Ernst Dickmanns at Bundeswehr Universität München. The culmination was achieved in 1995, when Dickmanns' re-engineered autonomous S-Class robot took a return trip from Munich, Bavaria to Copenhagen, Denmark and back. On autobahns the robot achieved speeds exceeding 175 km/h. It suggested and executed overtaking manoeuvers. The car's abilities left a big impression on many observers, and heavily influenced robot car research and funding decisions world-wide.

Production totalled 818,036 units.

The W126 line was replaced by the W140 S-Class in 1991.

W140 1991

Mercedes-Benz W140

Mercedes-Benz
aka	"Der Grosser Benz"
Production	1991–1999
Class	Full-Size Executive / Luxury
Body Style	4-door sedan
Length	201 in (5113 mm)
Width	74 in (1887 mm)
Height	59 in (1486 mm)
Wheelbase	120 in (3040 mm)
Weight	4480 lb (US) (2032 kg)
Transmission	5-speed automatic
Engine	3.2 litre I6 4.2 litre V8 5.0 litre V8 6.0 litre V12(1991-1993) 6.0 litre V12(1994-1999)
Power	228 hp 275 hp 315 hp 408 hp 389 hp
Similar	{{{similar (competition)}}}
Designer	{{{Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)}}}
Fuel Capacity	26.40 gal.

See Mercedes-Benz W140 for complete details.

In 1991, Mercedes replaced the W126 S-Class with the W140. The very first W140 rolled off the assembly line on August 6, 1991.

Production totalled 406,532 units, the reduced total reflecting the inroads made by Lexus into the key US export market.

As with its predecessor, the W140 was the first of the "next generation" of Mercedes-Benz models to feature the company's new design theme.

The W140 introduced new innovations such as double-pane window glazing, self-closing doors and boot lid, electric windows which lowered back down when encountering an obstruction, rear-parking markers which appeared on the rear wings and a heating system which emitted warm air even after the engine was turned off.

For details like this, the W140 is often known as the last Mercedes to be "overengineered," a Mercedes trait that was costing the company in product delays and overbudgeting. For the consumer, the W140 cost a considerable 25% more than its predecessor, the W126. In addition, the intense pressure from Infiniti and Lexus led to adding more features and options as to set the W140 apart from the rest and to justify the higher price.

The W140 was to feature air-suspension as an option, but Mercedes was still perfecting the technology and chose to launch air-suspension in the next generation S-Class in 2000.

The W140 coupé and sedan were each fitted with Electronic Stability Control following the mid-year facelift in 1997.

Like its predecessor, the car was available in two wheelbase lengths along with the shorter-wheelbased W140 coupé.

In 1992, A new 6L 408 hp V12 engine joined the lineup for the first time with the 600SE, 600SEL and 600SEC. A "V12" badge was affixed to the C-pillar. In 1997, grille was redesigned on all V12 models.

In 1993, the 408 hp V12 motor was slightly detuned to 389 hp to comply with tighter emission control regulations in the United States and Europe. The V8 models were tuned down from 322 hp to 315 hp.

In 1994, all Mercedes-Benz model names were rationalized, with the SE/SEL/SEC cars becoming the S-Class. The alphanumerical designations were inverted: for example the both 500SE and 500SEL became S500 regardless of wheelbase length.

The W140 S600 was available with a leather dashboard and a suede headliner, unlike the V8 and inline 6-cylinder models.

Following the new Mercedes-Benz tradition of mid-life facelifts (starting with the W126 in 1986), the W140 received a minor facelift in 1997. The clear turn signal indicator lenses on the front and rear were the most obvious changes. Headlamps were fitted with separate low and high beam reflectors.

W220 2000

Mercedes-Benz W220

Mercedes-Benz
aka	{{{aka (Type here, not up there)}}}
Production	2000 – 2005
Class	Full-Size Executive / Luxury
Body Style	4-door sedan
Length	203.1 in (5159 mm)
Width	73.0 in (1854 mm)
Height	56.9 in (1445 mm)
Wheelbase	121.5 in (3086 mm)
Weight	4139 lb (1877 kg)
Transmission	5-speed automatic
Engine	2.8 litre V6 3.2 litre V6 3.2 litre I6 Diesel 3.7 litre V6 4.0 litre V8 Diesel 4.3 litre V8 5.0 litre V8 5.4 litre V8 5.5 litre V12 5.5 litre V12 6.3 litre V12 6.0 litre V12
Power	204 hp 224 hp 197 hp 245 hp 250 hp 279 hp 306 hp 493 hp 367 hp 493 hp 444 hp 604 hp
Similar	BMW 7 Series
Designer	{{{Designer (lead designer if it was a team effort)}}}
Fuel Capacity	23.2 gal (US)
Fuel Economy	City: 16 mpg (US) (14.7 L/100 km); Highway 23 mpg (US)(10.2 L/100 km)

See Mercedes-Benz W220 for complete details.

In late 1999, the completely restyled W220 S-Class was introduced. The W220 was slightly smaller and lighter than its predecessor.

Production totalled 485,000 units, slightly more than the production totals from the W140.

Unlike its predecessor, the W220 was not the first model to feature the company's new design theme for the next generation of Mercedes-Benz. This honor was given to the A-Class launched in 1997. The new S-Class incorporated the new styling cues.

Despite being smaller, the new car offered more interior space than the W140. The dashboard carried over the new styling details first seen in the Mk I A-Class the year before.

As with each new S-Class, the W220 brought in new innovations such as Airmatic air suspension and Active Ventilated seats (which use miniature fans in the seats to move air through perforations). Other options included keyless entry and ignition, a radar-controlled Distronic cruise control system and a cylinder shut-off system called Active Cylinder Control.

4MATIC all wheel drive was introduced to the North American S-Class for 2002.

The W220 was available with more engine options than the W126 or W140. The range started with smaller 3.2L 224 hp V6 motor, which was superseded by an enlarged 3.7L 245 hp V6 in S350.

The S430 was powered by a 4.3L 279 hp V8 and the S500 was powered by a 5.0L 306 hp V8. The S55 AMG was outfitted with a supercharged 5.4L 493 hp V8 motor. The S600 was outfitted with a 5.5L 493 hp V12 twin turbo engine.

For one month in 2001, AMG produced S63 AMG, which was sold in very limited numbers. The S63 was powered by a 6.3L 444 hp V12. An undisclosed number of were sold exclusively through AMG in European and Asian markets.

The S65 AMG was introduced in 2005. Powered by a 6.0L 612 hp V12 twin turbo motor, the S65 was the most powerful S-Class, as well as the world's most powerful five-seat sedan.

W221 2005/6

Mercedes-Benz W221

Mercedes-Benz
aka	Mercedes-Benz S-Klasse
Production	2007–present
Class	Full-Size Executive / Luxury
Body Style	4-door sedan
Length	200 in (5076 mm) (L model: 205 in (5206 mm)
Width	74 in (1871 mm)
Height	56 in (1431 mm) (L model: 58 in (1473 mm)
Wheelbase	124.6 in (3165 mm)
Weight	4376 lb (1985 kg)
Transmission	7-speed automatic
Engine	3.0 litre turbo diesel V6 3.5 litre V6 4.0 litre turbo diesel V8 4.7 litre V8 5.5 litre V8 6.2 litre V8 5.5 litre twin turbo V12 6.0 litre twin turbo V12
Power	235 hp @ N/A rpm 398 lb-ft. of torque @ N/A rpm 272 hp @ N/A rpm 258 lb-ft. of torque @ N/A rpm 310 hp @ N/A rpm 538 lb-ft. of torque @ N/A rpm 340 hp @ N/A rpm 339 lb-ft. of torque @ N/A rpm 382 hp @ N/A rpm 391 lb-ft. of torque @ N/A rpm 525 hp @ N/A rpm 465 lb-ft. of torque @ N/A rpm 510 hp @ 5000 rpm 612 lb-ft @ 1800-3500 rpm 604 hp @ N/A rpm 738 lb-ft. of torque @ N/A rpm
Similar	Lexus LS, BMW 7 Series, Audi A8
Designer

See Mercedes-Benz W221 for complete details.

The W220 S-Class was replaced by an all-new W221 model in the autumn of 2005, with export to other markets beginning in 2006. The W221 was introduced to the North American market at the 2006 North American International Auto Show in January.

The W221 is slightly larger in all dimensions than its predecessor, and it features a more luxurious, Maybach-like appearance, as well as three newly developed engines with up to 26% power increase. The interior is completely new, all materials have been upgraded and make for a more luxurious ride, and the center-mounted transmission has been replaced with a column-shifter.

The 7G-TRONIC seven-speed automatic transmission is standard, except on V12 engines, where the 5-speed Sequentronic is maintained. 4MATIC four wheel drive will become available in the fourth quarter of 2006. One major mechanical change is the elimination of brake by wire technology in favor of conventional hydraulic power assist. The brakes continue to become more advanced, however, with the new Brake Assist Plus system monitoring for an impending collision and increasing braking if needed, while the Distronic Plus cruise control can now bring the car to a complete stop.

Models sold in North America are the S 450 (2008-), S 550, S 600, S 63 AMG and S65 AMG; other models to be sold outside North America include the S 350 and S320 CDI. The first W221 model released in North America was the S 550 (called S 500 outside North America), with the S 600 arriving in the following spring. Upscale department store Saks Fifth Avenue offered 20 special-edition S 600 sedans for sale in its 2005 Christmas catalog. All 20 cars, priced at US$145,000 each, sold on November 22, 2005 in under seven minutes. The Saks-edition S 600 sedans are finished in a mocha black exterior with an almond beige interior and are the first examples of the S 600 to be sold to private owners. The S 600s come with nearly every option standard.

Safety

Road accident statistics on a model-by-model basis from the UK Department of Transport show that the Mercedes-Benz S-Class is one of the safest cars on the UK roads (measured in terms of chance of death in an accident) —between three times safer than the safest Volvo and BMW 7 Series models and only matched by the Jaguar XJ series and Land Rover.

Awards

The S-class was the Car of the Year in Australian Wheels magazine for 1981 and again in 1999.

References

Model Timeline

Consumer Guide. 2004 Mercedes-Benz S-Class/CL-Class Snapshot. Retrieved December 21, 2003 [6]

External Links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Mercedes-Benz S-Class

Mercedes-Benz S-Class - official US site
- S-Class Saloon - official UK vehicle site
- S-Klasse Limousine - official Germany site
- The All-New S-Class - US interactive tour

News & References

Community Sites and Online Forums

eMercedesBenz - The Unofficial Mercedes-Benz Publication
US Official Site S-Class Overview
300SD.COM
Highlights of robot car history with emphasis on a pioneering S-Class robot car of 1995 by Ernst Dickmanns
Fórum Mercedes-Benz Brasil


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